Spring Wire Properties Tables | Wermke Spring Manufacturing

The tables below aggregate and organize technical information regarding various types of spring wire. These spring wire properties tables consolidate information from various sources. If you need additional information or assistance in developing your custom springs, please contact us. You can submit custom specifications to our spring manufacturers by completing our online contact forms or by calling us directly at (636) 677-5500.

High Carbon Spring Wire

Material	Specification	Nominal Chemistry	Density (lb./in3)	Minimum Tensile Strength (psi x 103)	Modulus of Elasticity (E) (psi x 106)	Modulus in Torsion (G) (psi x 106)	Maximum Operating Temperature	Rockwell Hardness	Description & Primary Use
Hard Drawn MB	ASTM A227	C 0.45 – 0.85% Mn 0.30 – 1.30%	0.28	Class I: 147 – 283 Class II: 171 – 324	30	11.5	250 °F	C31-52	General-purpose spring wire for low to average stress applications. Cold drawn. Highly magnetic.
Music Wire	ASTM A228	C 0.70 – 1.00% Mn 0.20 – 0.60%	0.28	230 – 399	30	11.5	250 °F	C41-60	High-quality spring wire. Cold drawn, uniform tensile with good surface finish. Highly magnetic. Good fatigue life.
Oil Tempered MB	ASTM A229	C 0.55 – 0.85% Mn 0.30 – 1.20%	0.28	Class I: 165 – 293 Class II: 191 – 324	30	11.5	250 °F	C42-55	General-purpose spring wire for average stress applications. Cold Drawn. Highly magnetic.

Alloy Steel Spring Wire

Material	Specification	Nominal Chemistry	Density (lb./in3)	Minimum Tensile Strength (psi x 103)	Modulus of Elasticity (E) (psi x 106)	Modulus in Torsion (G) (psi x 106)	Maximum Operating Temperature	Rockwell Hardness	Description & Primary Use
Oil Tempered Chrome Silicon	ASTM A401	C 0.51 – 0.59% Cr 0.60 – 0.80% Si 1.20 – 1.60%	0.28	235 – 300	30	11.5	475 °F	C48-55	Used for shock loads and moderately elevated temperatures. Cold drawn Highly magnetic. Also available in Valve Spring Quality, ASTM A877.
Oil Tempered Chrome Vanadium	ASTM A231	C 0.48 – 0.53% V 0.15 Min % Mn 0.70 – 0.90% Cr 0.80 – 1.10%	0.28	190 – 300	30	11.5	425 °F	C41-55	Used for shock loads and moderately elevated temperatures. Cold drawn Highly magnetic. Also available in Valve Spring Quality, ASTM A232.

Stainless Steel Spring Wire

Material	Specification	Nominal Chemistry	Density (lb./in3)	Minimum Tensile Strength (psi x 103)	Modulus of Elasticity (E) (psi x 106)	Modulus in Torsion (G) (psi x 106)	Maximum Operating Temperature	Rockwell Hardness	Description & Primary Use
Stainless Steel 302/304	ASTM A313	Cr 17.0 – 19.0% Ni 8.0 – 10%	0.29	125 – 325	28	10	550 °F	C35-45	General-purpose corrosion and heat-resistant. Cold drawn Slightly magnetic. Type 304 has less carbon than Type 302; however, it is considered commercially equivalent for stock springs.
Stainless Steel 316	ASTM A313	Cr 16.5 – 18.0% Ni 10.5 – 13.5% Mo 2.0 – 2.5%	0.29	110 – 245	28	10	550 °F	C35-45	General heat-resistant spring wire better corrosion resistance than Type 302/204. Cold drawn Slightly magnetic. Often used in marine applications
Stainless Steel 17-7 PH	AMS 5678	Cr 16.0 – 18.0% Ni 6.5 – 7.75% Al 0.75 – 1.5%	0.28	Cond. CH900: 230 – 335	29.5	11	650 °F	Cond. CH900: C46-49	High strength and general-purpose corrosion resistance. Cold drawn Slightly magnetic. Material must be precipitation hardened after spring fabrication to achieve the desired properties.

Copper Alloy Spring Wire

Material	Specification	Nominal Chemistry	Density (lb./in3)	Minimum Tensile Strength (psi x 103)	Modulus of Elasticity (E) (psi x 106)	Modulus in Torsion (G) (psi x 106)	Maximum Operating Temperature	Rockwell Hardness	Description & Primary Use
Beryllium Copper	ASTM B197	Cu 98.0% Be 1.8 – 2.0%	0.30	160 – 230	18.5	7	400 °F	C35-42	Non-ferrous Good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. Improved strength over phosphor bronze and non-magnetic. Cold drawn
Brass C2600	ASTM B134	Cu 68.5 – 71.5% Zn 28.5 – 31.5%	0.31	120 min	16	6	200 °F	B89-93	Non-ferrous Good combination of strength and ductility for cold working. Used in freshwater and seawater applications.
Monel® 400	AMS 7233	Ni 63.0 min% Cu 28.0 – 34.0%	0.32	145 – 180	26	9.5	450 °F	C23-32	Non-ferrous Good corrosion resistance at moderately elevated temperatures. Good mechanical properties for sub-zero temperature applications. Generally resistant to hydrofluoric, sulfuric, and hydrochloric acids. Typical for marine and chemical processing applications.
Monel® K 500	QQ-N-286	Ni 63.0 min% Cu 27.0 – 33.0% Al 2.3 – 3.15%	0.31	160 – 200	26	9.5	550 °F	C23-35	Non-ferrous Excellent corrosion resistance at moderately elevated temperatures. Higher strength and hardness than Monel® 400 Good for subzero and cryogenic applications.
Phosphor Bronze	ASTM B159	Cu 94.0 – 96.0% Sn 4.0 – 6.0%	0.32	105 – 145	15	6.25	200 °F	B98-104	Non-ferrous Good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. Non-magnetic.

Nickel Alloy Spring Wire

Material	Specification	Nominal Chemistry	Density (lb./in3)	Minimum Tensile Strength (psi x 103)	Modulus of Elasticity (E) (psi x 106)	Modulus in Torsion (G) (psi x 106)	Maximum Operating Temperature	Rockwell Hardness	Description & Primary Use
Elgiloy®	AMS 5833	Co 39.0 – 41.0% Ni 15.0 – 16.0 Cr 19.0 – 21.0% Fe 15.0 – 18.0% Mo 6.0-8.0%	0.30	270 – 300	32	12	850 °F	C40-60	Cobalt-Nickel alloy is known for its strength and non-magnetic qualities. Excellent corrosion resistance, good for acetic acid, ammonium chloride, citric acid, sodium chloride, and sodium sulfite.
Hastelloy® C-276	ASTM B574	Ni 51.0 – 63.5% Cr 14.5 – 16.5% Mo 15.0 – 17.0% Fe 4.0 – 7.0% W 3.0-4.0%	0.32	100 – 200	30.7	11.8	700 °F		High corrosion resistance. Higher temperatures are possible in lower stress applications. Known for excellent resistance to sulfur and chloride compounds.
Inconel® 600	ASTM B166	Ni 72.0 min% Cr 14.0 – 17.0% Fe 6.0 – 10.0%	0.31	170 – 200	31	11	700 °F	C35-45	Good corrosion resistance and mechanical properties at moderately elevated temperatures. Good for cryogenic applications.
Inconel® 718	ASTM B637	Ni 50.0 – 55.0% Cr 17.0 – 21.0% Fe 11.0 – 24.0% Nb (+Ta) 4.75-5.50% Mo 2.80-3.30% Ti 0.65-1.15%	0.30	210 – 250	29	11.2	1100 °F	C45-50	Better strength and heat resistance than Inconel 600. Material is precipitation hardened after spring fabrication to achieve the desired properties. Good corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures.
Inconel® X750	AMS 5698, 5699	Ni 70.0 min% Cr 14.0 – 17.0% Fe 5.0 – 9.0% Ti 2.25-2.75%	0.30	180 – 220 (Spring Temper)	31	12	750 – 1100 °F	C42-48	Better strength than Inconel 600. Material is precipitation hardened after spring fabrication to achieve the desired properties. Good corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures.
NI-SPAN-C ® alloy 902	AMS 5225	Fe 45.0 – 51.0% Ni 41.0 – 43.5% Cr 4.9 – 5.75% Ti 2.25 – 2.75% Al 0.3 – 0.8%	0.29	150 – 190	24.0 – 29.0	9.0 – 10.0	150 °F		Heat-treatable to have a constant modulus over a range of operating temperatures. The material is not stainless and is magnetic.
Ti-3-8-6-4-4 (Beta C™)	AMS 4957	Ti Bal V 7.5-8.5% Cr 5.5-6.5% Zr 3.5-4.5% Ma 3.5-4.5% Al 3.0-4.0%	0.17	180-210	15.4	5.9	600°F		Used when high strength and light weight are needed, Good strength/weight ratio Nonmagnetic Low modulus Good corrosion resistance

Disclaimer: Wermke Spring Manufacturing has organized the spring wire properties tables for reference only. We do not warrant the accuracy of the specifications listed. Specifications referenced herein do not include the latest revisions and are subject to change without notice. References to Nickel Alloy tradenames are for reference and remain trademarked by their owners/developers.